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Rigas Feraios (, or ''Rhegas Pheraeos'', ) or Velestinlis (Βελεστινλής, or ''Velestinles'', )) ; 1757 – June 24, 1798) was a Greek writer, political thinker and revolutionary, active in the Modern Greek Enlightenment, remembered as a Greek national hero, a victim of the Balkan uprising against the Ottoman Empire and a pioneer of the Greek War of Independence. ==Early life== Antonios Kyriazis (Αντώνιος Κυριαζής, ) was born in 1757 into a wealthy family in the village of Velestino in the Sanjak of Tirhala, Ottoman Empire (modern Thessaly, Greece). He was at some point nicknamed ''Pheraeos'' or ''Feraios'', after the nearby ancient Greek city of Pherae, but he does not seem ever to have used this name himself; he is also sometimes known as ''Konstantinos'' or ''Constantine Rhigas'' (Κωνσταντίνος Ρήγας). He is often described as being of Aromanian ancestry,〔Europe and the Historical Legacies in the Balkans, Raymond Detrez, Barbara Segaert, Peter Lang, 2008, ISBN 9052013748,(p. 43. )〕〔A Concise History of Greece, Richard Clogg, Cambridge University Press, 2013, ISBN 110703289X, (p. 28. )〕〔Entangled Histories of the Balkans: Volume One, Roumen Daskalov, Tchavdar Marinov, BRILL, 2013, ISBN 900425076X, (p. 159. )〕〔Culture and customs of Greece, Artemis Leontis, Greenwood Press, 2009, ISBN 0313342962,(p. 13. )〕 with his native village of Velestino being Aromanian.〔Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service, History of Greece, ( Rigas Velestinilis ).〕〔Modern Greece: A Cultural Poetics, Vangelis Calotychos, Berg, 2003, ISBN 1859737161 (p. 44. )〕〔Standard Languages and Multilingualism in European History, Matthias Hüning, Ulrike Vogl, Olivier Moliner, John Benjamins Publishing, 2012, ISBN 9027200556, (p. 158. )〕 Rigas' family had its roots in Perivoli, another Aromanian village,〔The Mountains of the Mediterranean World, Studies in Environment and History, J. R. McNeill, Cambridge University Press, 2003, ISBN 0521522889, (p. 55. )〕 but it usually overwintered in Velestino.〔The Vlachs: Metropolis and Diaspora, Studies on the Vlachs, Asterios I. Kukudēs, Zitros Publ., 2003, ISBN 9607760867, p. 250.〕 Some scholars question whether there is good evidence for this.〔Language and National Identity in Greece, 1766-1976, Peter Mackridge, Oxford University Press, 2010, ISBN 019959905X, (p. 57. )〕 Rigas was educated at the school of Ampelakia, Larissa. Later he became a teacher in the village of Kissos, and he fought the local Ottoman presence. At the age of twenty he killed an important Ottoman figure, and fled to the uplands of Mount Olympus, where he enlisted in a band of soldiers led by Spiros Zeras. He later went to the monastic community of Mount Athos, where he was received by Cosmas, hegumen of the Vatopedi monastery; from there to Constantinople (Istanbul), where he became a secretary to the Phanariote Alexander Ypsilantis (1725-1805). Arriving in Bucharest, the capital of Ottoman Wallachia, Rigas returned to school, learned several languages and eventually became a clerk for the Wallachian Prince Nicholas Mavrogenes. When the Russo-Turkish War (1787-1792) broke out, he was charged with the inspection of the troops in the city of Craiova. Here he entered into friendly relations with an Ottoman officer named Osman Pazvantoğlu, afterwards the rebellious Pasha of Vidin, whose life he saved from the vengeance of Mavrogenes. He learned about the French Revolution, and came to believe something similar could occur in the Balkans, resulting in self-determination for the Christian subjects of the Ottomans; he developed support for an uprising by meeting Greek bishops and guerrilla leaders. After the death of his patron Rigas returned to Bucharest to serve for some time as ''dragoman'' at the French consulate. At this time he wrote his famous Greek version of ''La Marseillaise'', the anthem of French revolutionaries, a version familiar through Lord Byron's paraphrase as "sons of the Greeks, arise". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rigas Feraios」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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